In the following citations the reader will note that many of the earlier ones are vaguely written, lack detail and the flowery adjectives used later. One must take into account the era in which they were written and at times who was writing them. The reader will also note that many do not meet the criteria of the Medal of Honor as we know it today. One must realize that until World War I the Medal of Honor was the ONLY medal in existence for rewarding personal valour. Medals defining lesser acts of bravery did not appear until 1918. With this in mind each Chief Petty Officer listed below is deserving of the medal based on the criteria of the day.

Glossary:

* posthumous award

Citations of Recipients:

Spanish - American War 1898 BENNETT, JAMES H.

Rank and organization: Chief Boatswain's Mate, U.S. Navy. Born: 11 August 1877, New York, N.Y. Accredited to: New York. G.O. No.: 521, 7 July 1899. Citation: On board the U.S.S. MARBLEHEAD during the cutting of the cable leading from Cienfuegos, Cuba, 11 May 1898. Facing the heavy fire of the enemy, Bennett set an example of extraordinary bra- very and coolness throughout this action.

BRADY, GEORGE F.

Rank and organization: Chief Gunner's Mate, U.S. Navy. Born: 7 Sep- tember 1867, Ireland. Accredited to: New York. G.O. No.: 497, 3 Sep- tember 1899. Citation: On board the torpedo boat WINSLOW during the actions at Cardenas, Cuba, 11 May 1898. Conspicuously gallant during this period, Brady, by his energy in assisting to sustain fire, his efforts to repair the steering gear and his promptness in maintaining watertight inte- grity, was largely instrumental in saving the vessel.

COONEY, THOMAS C.

Rank and organization: Chief Machinist, U.S. Navy. Born: 18 July 1853, Westport, Nova Scotia. Accredited to: New Jersey. G.O. No.: 497, 3 September 1898. Citation: On board the U.S. Torpedo Boat WINS- LOW during the action at Cardenas, Cuba, 11 May 1898. Following the piercing of the boiler by an enemy shell, Cooney, by his gallantry and promptness in extinguishing the resulting flames, saved the boiler tubes from burning out.

Note: "Chief Machinist" was a CPO from 1893 to 1904. "Mate" was added in 1904.

ITRICH, FRANZ ANTON

Rank and organization: Chief Carpenter's Mate, U.S. Navy. Born: 26 November 1853, Gross Katz, Germany. Accredited to: California. G.O. No.: 13, 5 December 1900. Citation: On board the U.S.S. PETREL, Manila, Philippine Islands, 1 May 1898. Serving in the presence of the enemy, Itrich displayed heroism during the action.

JOHNSEN, HANS

Rank and organization: Chief Machinist, U.S. Navy. Born: 3 January 1865, Sandnes, Norway. Accredited to: Pennsylvania. G.O. No.: 497, 3 September 1898. Citation: On board the torpedo boat WINSLOW during the action at Cardenas, Cuba, 11 May 1898. Showing great presence of mind, Johnsen turned off the steam from the engine which had been wrecked by a shell bursting in the cylinder.

Note: "Chief Machinist" was a CPO from 1893 to 1904. "Mate" was added in 1904.

MONTAGUE, DANIEL

Rank and organization: Chief Master-at-Arms, U.S. Navy. Born: 22 October 1867, Wicklow, Ireland. G.O. No.: 529, 2 November 1899. Citation: In connection with the sinking of the U.S.S. MERRIMAC at the entrance to the harbor of Santiago de Cuba, 2 June 1898. Despite heavy fire from the Spanish batteries, Montague displayed extraordinary heroism throughout this operation.

SUNDQUIST, AXEL

Rank and organization: Chief Carpenter's Mate, U.S. Navy. Born: 26 May 1867, Furland, Russia. Accredited to: Pennsylvania. G.O. No.: 500, 19 December 1898. Citation: On board the U.S.S. MARBLEHEAD at the approaches to Caimanera, Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, 26 and 27 July 1898 Displaying heroism, Sundquist took part in the perilous work of sweeping for and disabling 27 contact mines during this period.

Philippines/Samoa 1899 - 1913

SHANAHAN, PATRICK

Rank and organization: Chief Boatswain's Mate, U.S. Navy. Born: 6 November 1867, Ireland. Accredited to: New York. G.O. No.: 534, 29 November 1899. Citation: On board the U.S.S. ALLIANCE, 28 May 1899 Displaying heroism, Shanahan rescued William Steven, quarter- master, first class, from drowning.

China Relief Expedition, The Boxer Rebellion 1900

CLANCY, JOSEPH

Rank and organization: Chief Boatswain's Mate, U.S. Navy. Born: 29 September 1863, New York, N.Y. G.O. No.: 55, 19 July 1901. Citation: In action with the relief expedition of the Allied forces in China, 13, 20, 21 and 22 June 1900. During this period and in the presence of the enemy, Clancy distinguished himself by his conduct.

HAMBERGER, WILLIAM F.

Rank and organization: Chief Carpenter's Mate, U.S. Navy. Born: 5 August 1870, Newark, N.J. Accredited to: New Jersey. G.O. No.: 55, 19 July 1901. Citation: Fighting with the relief expedition of the Allied forces on 13, 20, 21 and 22 June 1900, Hamberger distinguished himself by meritorious conduct.

PETERSEN, CARL EMIL

Rank and organization: Chief Machinist, U.S. Navy. Place and date: Peking, China, 28 June to 17 August 1900. Entered service at: New Jersey. Born: 24 August 1875, Hamburg, Germany. G.O. No.: 55, 19 July 1901. Citation: In the presence of the enemy during the action at Peking, China, 28 June to 17 August 1900. During this period Chief Machinist Petersen distinguished himself by meritorious conduct.

Note: "Chief Machinist" was a CPO from 1893 to 1904. "Mate" was added in 1904.

The Mexican Campaign (Vera Cruz) 1914

BRADLEY, GEORGE

Rank and organization: Chief Gunner's Mate, U.S. Navy. Born: 5 December 1881, New York, N.Y. Accredited to: Rhode Island. G.O. No.: 117, 13 September 1923. Citation: For meritorious service under fire on the occasion of the landing of the American naval forces at Vera Cruz in 1914. C.G. Bradley was then attached to the U.S.S. UTAH, as a chief gunner's mate, and was in charge of the ammunition party and special details at Vera Cruz. (Medal presented by President Coolidge at the White House on 4 October 1923.)